Rubber is useful because of its invaluable qualities such as elasticity, resistance to water and nonconduction. Jun 10, 2015 the following information is all about rubber plantation. Studies on rubber hevea brasiliensis trees exist plant. Rubber production guide establishment and management of. Hevea brasiliensis is a species of rubberwood that is native to rainforests in the amazon region of south america, including brazil, venezuela, ecuador, colombia, peru, and bolivia. Large farmers are benefitted more by rubber plantation as compared to small farmers.
In rubber tree plantations, the higher predation by mammals could be due to the mix of perennial fruit tree species planted alongside rubber trees. The main reason for low production and failure of plantation growth is south american leaf blight salb, a rubber tree disease caused by the endemic fungus microcyclus ulei, an ascosmycete that together with its host plant originates from the amazon area. However, the development of rubber plantations in the resettlement areas raises questions about land rights, ownership and life stabilization. Cultivated on plantations in the tropics and subtropics, especially in southeast asia and western africa, it replaced the rubber plant in the early 20th century as the chief source of natural rubber. Pdf on aug 8, 2019, d satakhun and others published carbon sequestration potential of rubbertree plantation in thailand find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Rubberwood is commonly advertised as an environmentally friendly wood, as it makes use of plantation trees that have already served a. Since the beginning of rubber exploitation in the region, all attempts to plant rubber trees at a plantation scale in south an central. Malaysia is the leading producer of natural rubber in the world. Thus it can be inferred that rubber plantations do not affect the. Latex is used for producing different types of rubber products including, rubber tires crashers, shoe soles rubberized fabrics malysia and brazil have huge rubber tree plantations and they produce the largest volume of natural rubber latex. These plants generally have 32 years of economic life but they may. Rubber crop cultivation guide rubber farming indiaagronet. Selection of study area to evaluate objectives of the study, a case study has been undertaken, selecting.
Malaysia is centrally located within the association of southeast asian nations asean. Malaysia, indonesia, thailand and africa are the main rubber producing countries. The ideal rubber growing regions should be 8 degree north of equator, 10 degree south of equator, high temperature, altitude not beyond 400 m and high humidity. It is an indigenous tree of tropical rainforest of amazon basin of brazil. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. First, the seedlings were brought from the amazon basin, and were planted here on a experimental basis. The aftermath of a november 27, 1965 battle at the michelin rubber plantation that claimed more than 100 lives. In the golden past, the latex rubber price escalated continuously, which prompted thai rubber farmers to grow rubber trees even on unsuitable land. Farmers perception towards farm level rubber tree planting. The rubber tree is a native of the amazon river basin in south america.
Rubber expansion and forest protection in vietnam 2 in these regions is expected to continue to increase. Material and methods rubber tree varieties catas73397, catas879, catas72059, pr107, rrim600, gt1. When learning how to care for a rubber tree plant, there are a few key things to remember, but rubber plant care isnt as difficult as one might think. This paper preliminarily studied existing plant types of rubber tree after planting and available tapping tree for rubber plantations in hainan, yunnan and guangdong rubber planting zone. Ii growth and production of rubber willy verheye 1. An overview of industrial tree plantations in the global south abstract over the past two decades, industrial tree plantations itps, typically largescale, intensively managed, evenage monoculture plantations, mostly exotic trees like fastgrowing eucalyptus, pine and acacia species, but also rubber and oil palm, all.
Intercropping is an important aspect in rubber plantation business. A goal programming approach to rubber plantation planning in tripura nabendu sen department of mathematics assam university silchar788011, india manish nandi department of mathematics assam university silchar788011, india manish. By looking after the plantation well, you will get fine trees. Plantation and rubber industries of malaysia of malaysia. However, if there is a sufficient resource, then massive. Between 1860 1910, the amazon supplied around 60% of the worlds rubber needs. A rubber tree plant is also known as a ficus elastica. Besides rubber tree plantation, smallholder also allocated labor for upland rice shifting cultivation, livestock production, ntfp collection, and offfarm. Growing tips for this easy care indoor tree in my horticultural book, the rubber plant is the easiest of the ficus trifecta to maintain and keep alive. Gocambodia rubber plantation gocambodia a commercial. However, hevea brasiliensis is the most commercially cultivated rubber plant. The rubber tree, better farming 25 food and agriculture. Pdf existing plant types of rubber tree after planting and available tapping tree were investigated, and there were about 28 rubber plantations with.
Promoting sustainable development through natural rubber tree plantations in guatemala document prepared by econegocios project title promoting sustainable development through natural rubber tree plantations in guatemala version ccb standards second edition date of issue 920 prepared by econegocios occidente contact 7a avenida 7 33. In hilly areas where cultivation is difficult, remove the cogon and other grasses trees along the rubber rows. Plantation wood is used locally, by domestic industries or is exported mostly as raw logs or in marginally processed forms. The harrowing history of vietnams rubber plantations. During the initial years of a rubber plantation, rubber plants dont occupy the entire space. Find rubber tree plantation stock images in hd and millions of other royaltyfree stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. Plantation timber also flows along several value chains that may generally quite distinct and easily separated from natural forest wood. Jan, 2015 natural rubber tapped from the bark of the tree hevea brasiliensisis which is the raw material for an industry manufacturing about 50,000 products. Aug 10, 2019 rubber plantation in malaysia introduction.
Economic analysis of rubber plantation a case study of. South american leaf blight of the rubber tree hevea spp. Promoting sustainable development through natural rubber. Aug 05, 20 pruning apply to the rubber if your rubber age is 3 to 4 year from the start of planting to maintain the good tapping funnel and to make rubber grow more trunk because if rubber have more trunks it will have more leaves so if rubber have more leaves it will have more latex. Weeds in the rubber areas must be minimized or controlled to prevent stunted growth of the rubber trees and burning during the dry season. Introduction rubber hevea brasiliensis is a fastgrowing upright tropical tree crop which is mainly cultivated for its production of latex, a milky plant liquid, which serves as a. In 1852 rubber made almost half of the paras exports. It helps to boost the overall profitability of the farm. Basically rubber is an elastic solid material retrieved from latex of many tropical trees. Analysis of the relationship between rubber tree plantation and. The first rubber tree in thailand has been planted by a thaichinese investor in 1899.
Rubber was made from the abundant wild rubber trees on the land called castilloa elastica, and hevea brasiliensis. Environmental and social constraints of plantation crops. Plantation forest of exotic tree species are one form of forests in ethiopia. Material and methods rubber tree varieties catas73397, catas879, catas720. Its been slightly pushed aside and i think nows the time for the ficus elastica gets the attention it deserves. A goal programming approach to rubber plantation planning. During the 19th and 20th centuries the most popular of all amazon exports was rubber. The goal of setting up the ford motor company of brazil was twofold. The natural rubber tree hevea brasiliensis is a native of south america introduced to southeast asia during the 19th century. Sustainability of rubber is high in shivamogga district. Rubber trees can grow to a height of 18 to 39 meters and they grow best in warm and moist climate ranging from 7095 fahrenheit or 25 centigrade with an annual rainfall of 80120 inches 2,0003,000 mm. The tokenization of rubber trees could be the bright future of farming. Rubber tree, hevea brasiliensis, south american tropical tree of the spurge family euphorbiaceae.
It grows on many types of soils, provided they are deep and well drained. Rubber plantation in malaysia cultivation, area of. Sep 26, 2018 natural rubber, also called india rubber or caoutchouc, as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds, plus water. Etsy burgundy rubber plant in 1 quart pot from etsy. These trees are generally found in lowaltitude moist forests, wetlands, riparian zones, forest gaps, and disturbed areas. Rubber tree production guide business diary philippines. Product description these are tropical broad a leafed tree from which to a material called latex is extracted from the trunk of the trees.
About 46% of the total worlds rubber is produced in malaysia. The consumption pattern of rubber in our country is highly in favour of natural rubber 76 %, quite contrary to the global consumption of synthetic rubber of about 53%. An overview of industrial tree plantations in the global south abstract over the past two decades, industrial tree plantations itps, typically largescale, intensively managed, evenage monoculture plantations, mostly exotic trees like fastgrowing eucalyptus, pine. Pdf impact of rubber plantations on the environment of tripura. This report notes that rubber plantation expansion has had substantial impacts on forest resources and the economic, social, and cultural conditions in the a fore mentioned two regions. Oct 12, 2018 the natural rubber tree hevea brasiliensis is a native of south america introduced to southeast asia during the 19th century. Oct 27, 2016 if you dont repot your plants, they will not grow. Natural rubber, also called india rubber or caoutchouc, as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of. Therefore, you can use the interspaces for growing intercrops, which will help you to generate additional revenue.
On flat landsshould be welldrained, water table should be deeper 100 cm. Rubber tree hevea brasiliensis rainforest alliance. Aug 19, 2019 rubber trees are no native inhabitants in thailand. Rubber is an important commercial agricultural product, collected from the latex of the tree hevea brasiliensis. Amazing asia natural rubber farm rubber harvesting and. It is a quick growing tree, often the first to establish itself when a gap in the canopy is. Although they are large tree in the wild, rubber trees respond well to pruning and can be kept quite small if trimmed regularly. Growth and production of rubber encyclopedia of life.
General description of the crop rubber tree is a tropical south american tree widely cultivated throughout the tropics and yielding a milky juice that is a major source of commercial rubber. Rubber tree, south american tropical tree of the spurge family euphorbiaceae. Impact of rubber tree dominated landuse on biodiversity and. Promoting sustainable development through natural rubber tree.
Cogon or cylindrica imperata is enemy number one in rubber farming. It is the most economically important member of the genus hevea because the milky latex extracted from the tree is the primary source of natural rubber. That tree, respectively the great, greatgrandson of the original, is located in the town of kan tang, in the province of trang, roughly 30 km west of the provincial capital of trang city. Rubber production guide establishment and management of rubber plantation selection of site for rubber planting 1. Transplanting to pots that are about an inch bigger in diameter than the previous pot is a good rule of thumb. Rubber tree is robust, perennial crop scientifically known as hevea brasiliensis muell.
Rubber tree production guide bureau of plant industry. Introduction rubber hevea brasiliensis is a fastgrowing upright tropical tree crop which is mainly cultivated for its production of latex, a milky plant liquid, which serves as a basis for. Rubber hevea brasiliensis is a fastgrowing upright tropical tree crop which is. Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day. The difference between budded rubber and seedling rubber is. Pdf rubber plantation business for beginners ravi arasi. Consisting of two regions divided by the south china sea and the malaysian peninsula and the states of sabah and sarawak on the island of borneo malaysia is a federation of states and three federal territories. However, dont put rubber plants in pots that are too big. Rubber plantation is profitable in shivamogga district. Pdf studies on rubber hevea brasiliensis trees exist plant.
Rubber trees are no native inhabitants in thailand. A rubber tree, also referred to as rubberwood, can be tapped for latex once it reaches approximately six years of age. Growth and production of rubber to refer to or to cite. Its most famous feature is the milky white sap, known as latex, which flows freely from the tree when a sliver of bark is removed. Studies on rubber hevea brasiliensis trees exist plant type.
Even traditional rice fields have been converted into rubber plantations. Introduction rubber hevea brasiliensis is a fastgrowing upright tropical tree crop which is mainly cultivated for its production of latex, a milky plant liquid, which serves as a basis for various rubber products. Currently, natural rubber on the world market is competed by synthetic rubber, which is derived from oil products. Plantation and rubber industries of malaysia of malaysia economics essay. Known for their glossy evergreen foliage, rubber trees ficus elastica serve well as houseplants and outdoor ornamentals in frostfree areas. Ford rubber plantations in brazil from 19281945, the ford motor company built the fordlandia and belterra plantations in an attempt to establish a permanent rubber plantation presence in brazil. Another question is the fact that the rubber plantation is bordering the national park of campomaan, a 246. The rubber plantation in malaysia was started in malaysia in 1877. Natural rubber tapped from the bark of the tree hevea brasiliensisis which is the raw material for an industry manufacturing about 50,000 products.
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